NCERT solution class 7 Social Science chapter 7 Human Environment – Settlement, Transport and Communication

Page No 54:

Question 1:

Answer the following questions.
(i) What are the four means of transport?
(ii) What do you understand by the term ‘settlement’?
(iii) Which are the activities practised by the rural people?
(iv) Mention any two merits of railways.
(v) What do you understand by communication?
(vi) What is mass media?

Answer:

(i) The four major means of transport are roadways, railways, waterways and airways.
(ii) Settlements are places where people build their homes—either permanent or temporary.
(iii) In rural areas, people are engaged in activities like agriculture, fishing, forestry, crafts work, trading, etc.
(iv) Two merits of railways:
(a) Railways enable faster and cheaper transport of people and heavy goods over long distances
(b) The railway network is well-developed in plains. Railway lines are also present in difficult mountain terrains.
(v) Communication is the process of conveying messages to others.
(vi) The modes of communication through which one can communicate with a large number of people are collectively known as mass media. Newspapers, radio, television and the internet are some examples of mass media.

Question 2:

Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which is not a means of communication?

(a) Telephone

(b) Books

(c) Table

(ii) Which type of road is constructed under the ground?

(a) Fly over

(b) Expressways

(c) Subways

(iii) Which mode of transport is most suitable to reach an island?

(a) Ship

(b) Train

(c) Car

(iv) Which vehicle does not pollute the environment?

(a) Cycle

(b) Bus

(c) Aeroplane

Answer:

(i) Which is not a means of communication?

(a) Telephone

(b) Books

(c) Table

(ii) Which type of road is constructed under the ground?

(a) Fly over

(b) Expressways

(c) Subways

(iii) Which mode of transport is most suitable to reach an island?

(a) Ship

(b) Train

(c) Car

(iv) Which vehicle does not pollute the environment?

(a) Cycle

(b) Bus

(c) Aeroplane

Question 3:

Match the following.

(i) Internet	(a) Areas where people are engaged in manufacturing, trade and services
(ii) Canal route	(b) Closely-built area of houses
(iii) Urban areas	(c) Houses on stilts
(iv) Compact settlement	(d) Inland waterway
–	(e) A means of communication

Answer:

(i) Internet	(e) A means of communication
(ii) Canal route	(d) Inland waterway
(iii) Urban areas	(a) Areas where people are engaged in manufacturing, trade and services
(iv) Compact settlement	(b) Closely-built area of houses

Question 4:

Give reasons.
(i) Today’s world is shrinking.

Answer:

(i)The advancements in the fields of transportation and communication have made those regions accessible which were inaccessible earlier. The vast network of roadways, railways, airways and waterways across countries has linked each nook and corner of this world with the other. Transportation and communication have reduced not only distances but also the time taken for covering these distances. The time of travel is reduced considerably due to the presence of fast means of transport like airplane and super-fast trains. Due to communication facilities such as cellular phones, electronic mails, web cameras and short messaging service, one can talk, see and interact with people sitting thousands of kilometres away in only a matter of seconds. The Internet provides us with not only worldwide interaction but also worldwide information. One can find details about anything and everything on the Internet. One can also access several services through the Internet; for example, reserving tickets for railways and airways. This inter-connectivity of people, services and institutions across the world has brought the world closer and closer, making it into a kind of global society, a global village. Hence, it would be right to say that today’s world is shrinking.