EXERCISE 10.5
Q 1, Ex. 10.5, Page No 184, Circles - Maths Class 9th
Page No 184:
Question 1:
In the given figure, A, B and C are three points on a circle with centre O such that ∠BOC = 30° and ∠AOB = 60°. If D is a point on the circle other than the arc ABC, find ∠ADC.
Answer:
It can be observed that∠AOC = ∠AOB + ∠BOC
= 60° + 30°
= 90°
We know that angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it any point on the remaining part of the circle.
$\angle \mathrm{ADC}=\frac{1}{2} \angle \mathrm{AOC}$
$=\frac{1}{2} \times 90^{\circ}=45^{\circ}$
Q 2, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185, Circles - CBSE Class 9th Mathematics
Page No 185:
Question 2:
A chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle. Find the angle subtended by the chord at a point on the minor arc and also at a point on the major arc.Answer:
In ΔOAB,
AB = OA = OB = radius
∴ ΔOAB is an equilateral triangle.
Therefore, each interior angle of this triangle will be of 60°.
∴ ∠AOB = 60°
$\angle \mathrm{ACB}=\frac{1}{2} \angle \mathrm{AOB}$
$=\frac{1}{2}\left(60^{\circ}\right)=30^{\circ}$
In cyclic quadrilateral ACBD,
∠ACB + ∠ADB = 180° (Opposite angle in cyclic quadrilateral)
⇒ ∠ADB = 180° − 30° = 150°
Therefore, angle subtended by this chord at a point on the major arc and the minor arc are 30° and 150° respectively.
Q 3, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185, Circles - Class 9th R D Sharma
Question 3:
In the given figure, ∠PQR = 100°, where P, Q and R are points on a circle with centre O. Find ∠OPR.
Answer:
Consider PR as a chord of the circle.
Take any point S on the major arc of the circle.
PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.
∠PQR + ∠PSR = 180° (Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral)
⇒ ∠PSR = 180° − 100° = 80°
We know that the angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle.
∴ ∠POR = 2∠PSR = 2 (80°) = 160°
In ΔPOR,
OP = OR (Radii of the same circle)
∴ ∠OPR = ∠ORP (Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle)
∠OPR + ∠ORP + ∠POR = 180° (Angle sum property of a triangle)
2 ∠OPR + 160° = 180°
2 ∠OPR = 180° − 160° = 20º
∠OPR = 10°
Q 4, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185, Circles - Maths Solutions Class 9th
Question 4:
In the given figure, ∠ABC = 69°, ∠ACB = 31°, find ∠BDC.
Answer:
In ΔABC,∠BAC + ∠ABC + ∠ACB = 180° (Angle sum property of a triangle)
⇒ ∠BAC + 69° + 31° = 180°
⇒ ∠BAC = 180° − 100º
⇒ ∠BAC = 80°
∠BDC = ∠BAC = 80° (Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal)
Q 5, Ex 10.5, Page No 185 - Circles - NCERT Class 9th Maths Solutions
Question 5:
In the given figure, A, B, C and D are four points on a circle. AC and BD intersect at a point E such that ∠BEC = 130° and ∠ECD = 20°. Find ∠BAC.
Answer:
In ΔCDE,∠CDE + ∠DCE = ∠CEB (Exterior angle)
⇒ ∠CDE + 20° = 130°
⇒ ∠CDE = 110°
However, ∠BAC = ∠CDE (Angles in the same segment of a circle)
⇒ ∠BAC = 110°
Q 6, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185 - Circles - NCERT Class 9th Maths Solutions
Question 6:
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral whose diagonals intersect at a point E. If ∠DBC = 70°, ∠BAC is 30°, find ∠BCD. Further, if AB = BC, find ∠ECD.Answer:
For chord CD,
∠CBD = ∠CAD (Angles in the same segment)
∠CAD = 70°
∠BAD = ∠BAC + ∠CAD = 30° + 70° = 100°
∠BCD + ∠BAD = 180° (Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral)
∠BCD + 100° = 180°
∠BCD = 80°
In ΔABC,
AB = BC (Given)
∴ ∠BCA = ∠CAB (Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle)
⇒ ∠BCA = 30°
We have, ∠BCD = 80°
⇒ ∠BCA + ∠ACD = 80°
30° + ∠ACD = 80°
⇒ ∠ACD = 50°
⇒ ∠ECD = 50°
Q 7, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185 - Circles - NCERT Class 9th Maths Solutions
Question 7:
If diagonals of a cyclic quadrilateral are diameters of the circle through the vertices of the quadrilateral, prove that it is a rectangle.Answer:
Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral having diagonals BD and AC, intersecting each other at point O.
$\angle \mathrm{BAD}=\frac{1}{2} \angle \mathrm{BOD}$
$=\frac{180^{\circ}}{2}=90^{\circ}$ (Consider BD as a chord)
∠BCD + ∠BAD = 180° (Cyclic quadrilateral)
∠BCD = 180° − 90° = 90°
$\angle \mathrm{ADC}=\frac{1}{2} \angle \mathrm{AOC}$
$=\frac{1}{2}\left(180^{\circ}\right)=90^{\circ}$ (Considering AC as a chord)
∠ADC + ∠ABC = 180° (Cyclic quadrilateral)
90° + ∠ABC = 180°
∠ABC = 90°
Each interior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is of 90°. Hence, it is a rectangle.
Q 8, Ex. 10.5, Page No 185, Circles - Maths Solutions Class 9th
Question 8:
If the non-parallel sides of a trapezium are equal, prove that it is cyclic.Answer:
Consider a trapezium ABCD with AB | |CD and BC = AD.
Draw AM ⊥ CD and BN ⊥ CD.
In ΔAMD and ΔBNC,
AD = BC (Given)
∠AMD = ∠BNC (By construction, each is 90°)
AM = BN (Perpendicular distance between two parallel lines is same)
∴ ΔAMD ≅ ΔBNC (RHS congruence rule)
∴ ∠ADC = ∠BCD (CPCT) … (1)
∠BAD and ∠ADC are on the same side of transversal AD.
∠BAD + ∠ADC = 180° … (2)
∠BAD + ∠BCD = 180° [Using equation (1)]
This equation shows that the opposite angles are supplementary.
Therefore, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Q 9, Ex. 10.5, Page No 186 - Circles - NCERT Class 9th Maths Solutions
Page No 186:
Question 9:
Two circles intersect at two points B and C. Through B, two line segments ABD and PBQ are drawn to intersect the circles at A, D and P, Q respectively (see the given figure). Prove that ∠ACP = ∠QCD.
Answer:
Join chords AP and DQ.
For chord AP,
∠PBA = ∠ACP (Angles in the same segment) … (1)
For chord DQ,
∠DBQ = ∠QCD (Angles in the same segment) … (2)
ABD and PBQ are line segments intersecting at B.
∴ ∠PBA = ∠DBQ (Vertically opposite angles) … (3)
From equations (1), (2), and (3), we obtain
∠ACP = ∠QCD
Q 10, Ex. 10.5, Page No 186, Circles - Class 9th CBSE Mathematics
Question 10:
If circles are drawn taking two sides of a triangle as diameters, prove that the point of intersection of these circles lie on the third side.Answer:
Consider a ΔABC.
Two circles are drawn while taking AB and AC as the diameter.
Let they intersect each other at D and let D not lie on BC.
Join AD.
∠ADB = 90° (Angle subtended by semi-circle)
∠ADC = 90° (Angle subtended by semi-circle)
∠BDC = ∠ADB + ∠ADC = 90° + 90° = 180°
Therefore, BDC is a straight line and hence, our assumption was wrong.
Thus, Point D lies on third side BC of ΔABC.
Q 11, Ex. 10.5, Page No 186 - Circles - NCERT Class 9th Maths
Question 11:
ABC and ADC are two right triangles with common hypotenuse AC. Prove that ∠CAD = ∠CBD.Answer:
In ΔABC,
∠ABC + ∠BCA + ∠CAB = 180° (Angle sum property of a triangle)
⇒ 90° + ∠BCA + ∠CAB = 180°
⇒ ∠BCA + ∠CAB = 90° … (1)
In ΔADC,
∠CDA + ∠ACD + ∠DAC = 180° (Angle sum property of a triangle)
⇒ 90° + ∠ACD + ∠DAC = 180°
⇒ ∠ACD + ∠DAC = 90° … (2)
Adding equations (1) and (2), we obtain
∠BCA + ∠CAB + ∠ACD + ∠DAC = 180°
⇒ (∠BCA + ∠ACD) + (∠CAB + ∠DAC) = 180°
∠BCD + ∠DAB = 180° … (3)
However, it is given that
∠B + ∠D = 90° + 90° = 180° … (4)
From equations (3) and (4), it can be observed that the sum of the measures of opposite angles of quadrilateral ABCD is 180°. Therefore, it is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Consider chord CD.
∠CAD = ∠CBD (Angles in the same segment)
Q 12, Ex. 10.5, Page No 186, Circles - Mathematics Class 9th
Question 12:
Prove that a cyclic parallelogram is a rectangle.Answer:
Let ABCD be a cyclic parallelogram.
∠A + ∠C = 180° (Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral) … (1)
We know that opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal.
∴ ∠A = ∠C and ∠B = ∠D
From equation (1),
∠A + ∠C = 180°
⇒ ∠A + ∠A = 180°
⇒ 2 ∠A = 180°
⇒ ∠A = 90°
Parallelogram ABCD has one of its interior angles as 90°. Therefore, it is a rectangle
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